Being a serious Perl addict since 20 years, I of course start missing a lot of nice functions for manipulating strings, and the most immediate one is join, so I wrote a C++ IOStream manipulator to join the elements of an arbitrary sequence and output them to an std::ostream.
In this case, since the I/O Manipulator takes arguments, it has to be written as a class. Recall that std::cout << foo(3) is just a shorthand for operator<<(std::cout, foo(3)). Since we want to avoid constructing the full string before writing it to the output stream, we define our own joiner class and create a operator<<(std::ostream&, joiner&) function that work with the joiner class in the following manner:
template <class FwdIter> class joiner {
friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const joiner& j) {
j.write(out);
return out;
}
public:
explicit joiner(const std::string& separator, FwdIter start, FwdIter finish)
: m_sep(separator), m_start(start), m_finish(finish)
{ }
private:
std::string m_sep;
FwdIter m_start, m_finish;
void write(std::ostream& out) const {
FwdIter fi = m_start;
if (m_start == m_finish)
return;
while (true) {
out << *fi;
if (++fi == m_finish)
break;
else
out << m_sep;
}
}
};
So, now we can write something like:
std::cout << joiner<std::vector<int>::const_iterator>(",", seq.begin(), seq.end())
<< std::endl;
This is an awful lot to type, and especially difficult to maintain since the type of the sequence we are printing might change, so we introduce two helper functions to infer the iterator type for us:
template <class FwdIter>
joiner<FwdIter>
join(const std::string& delim, FwdIter start, FwdIter finish) {
return joiner<FwdIter>(delim, start, finish);
}
template <class Container>
joiner<typename Container::const_iterator>
join(const std::string& delim, Container seq) {
typedef typename Container::const_iterator FwdIter;
return joiner<FwdIter>(delim, seq.begin(), seq.end());
}
Now we can use the following code to write out a comma-separated sequence and let the compiler infer the types for us.
std::cout << join(",", seq.begin(), seq.end())
<< std::endl;
or even more compactly
std::cout << join(",", seq) << std::endl;
Update: There were a bug that cause the write() function above to try to read the first element of an empty sequence. I have added some code in red above that needs to be added to handle empty sequences.
